Friction-match.



No. 782,284. PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905. F. E'. SOMMERS, JR. FRIGTION MATCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23. 1904.

1`R N ii l?. SUMMERS,

an., or saonraw, naine-AN.

emerson-eterna SPEGFGtT-ON forming pmt of Lett-ers Patent No. 782,284.,'dated February le, 1905.

Apnlication filed May 28,1904. Serial No. 209.167.

To f/,Hu'lmmy 191,114/ won/cern.'

Bc it known that i, Faint: F. Sommes, Jr.,

a citizen ot' the United States, residing at Saginaw, county of Saginaw, tirate ot' viichigan, have invented a certain new and uselul linprovement in Friction-itiatchcs: and l declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact dcscript-ion of the invention, such as wiil enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the saine, reference being' had to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part ot' this .spccilicr-.tion- 'l`his invention relates to matches.

it has lor its object an improved frictionmatch.

in the drawing the ligure shows a match en'ihodying the invention.

1 indicates the ordinary splint or stick ot' wood, preferably dipped at thc end in paraiin. A mass ot' combustible material of a comparatively high heat-ing character is 'fixed to the coated end of the stick, and the end surface ot' this mass of combustible material ot higlrheating character is partly coated with a combustible of easy ignition, but comparatively low heating quality. The mass 3 of comlmstihle ot' lowheating character and ot' easy ignitio'n ignites withmild or easy 'friction` and the heat from it communicates to and sets tire to the larger mass 5 of combustible, which produces a heat suiiicient to set lire to the paraiiin and the stick.

ln constructirng` the match which forms the subject ot' this in rention i employ for the mass ol material ot' high heating character a coml pound which is the same that in common' with an igniter that is practicallyv noiseless and non-detonable, yct capable ot' ignition on any frictional rubbing-surtace.- The material of low heating character is composed or' phosphorus with any suitable medium of dilution and adhesireness and is similar to what has been used for many years as an ignition coni-I pound for sull ir-matches or matches in which paris, Zinc, and coloringmatter combined inv suitable proportions will constitute a good noiseiess or non-detonahlc igniting-tip.

The Sulfurematch is objectionable because ot' the smell and the i'umes given oti` from it and is also objectionable because ol' the long period oi' time which is required to ignite it, the ordinary sulfur-match requiring several seconds before the heat has reached a degree to, ignite the stick. i On the other hand` the match which is commonly known as the l, parlor-match 7 has a terminal composed largely of chlorate of potash-that is, one which ignites quicliiy and readily on any friction rubbingsurface, but with a detonating `force. Because of the detonabie character of the compound it is quite dangerous to use. Flying particles of the detonable compound sometimes produce *serious injury to persons standing near by by striking the face 0r the eyes and burning' through the Skin or injuring the eye?, Such iiying parts of the ignited material also often 'set tire to drapery and other nearby combustible material. further serious objection to this kind of .match is the noise which attends thel striking and ignition. Another serious objection arises from the tact that the compound deteriorates rapidly, and waiter a few months time the match has deteriorated to an extent that it will frequently rail to set lire to thc stick. By'adding at the end of the glilorate-ot-potash compound, which I Shall term the particle of a compound which ignites at a low heat or with easy friction and burns without noise -succced in igniting the said detonahle composition and-huru the same without crack ling noise, produce a quick ignition of the detonablc composition, a, small 9*5 ICO stick, and obtain the useful action of the quickburning and high-heating detonable composition without the ignition of the composition by friction applied directly to itself.

ri`he chlorate-of-potash compound. herein mentioned as a quick-burning` compound, is

one in common use, and its quick-burning', characteristic is owing mainly to the fact that i a principal or chief component of 1t isone which furnishes a supply of oxygen for its combustion, and, as is well known, there are several other chemicals having this chm'acteristie. i do not herein mention the use of this compound wishing to confine myself toit, but mention it simply because it is the one most commonly used for this purpose. The phosphorus compound spoken of is not usually provided with any contained means for furnishing oxygen to the flame, but is one which must get the oxygen necessary for combustion from the air, and it is consequently a slowburning compound.

The second coating should he placed only on the tip end of the match at 3 and preferably should not cover the entire surface of the first coating' 5, and inasmuch as both coatings are inlammabie under friction the match is useful even though, may sometimes happen, the second coating fails to adhere, because of the short depth to which the match is inserted in it or because of the shortness of some of the matches in the dipping' apparatus some of the matches fail to receive any of this second coating.

I am aware that there has been e match tipped with a primary coating of asafety material that will not ignite except on an especially-ln'cpared surface, but which was provided with an additional. coating on the extreme tip that would ignite under ordinary friction; but when such matches fail to receive the second coating they are useless. Such matches are made for a special purpose of safety, with the supposition that th y wili not ignite under certain conditions, and with no special provision made to insure the silent lor quiet burningcharacter which is one of the objects of this invention.

Vhat i, claim is" l. In a, friction-match, a combustible stick haring a coating at the end thereof of detonable composition ignitible by friction on any friction rubbing-surface and with a production of high temperature, combined with a veaeee primary ignition compound connected therewith, which ignites with a light friction, and burns at a comparatively low tempo ratu re and without noise, substantially as described.

in a friction-match, thc combination of a combustible stick, a tip of deionahle matcrial having as a component an oxyu'cn-supplying' material combined with combustible material and ignitible upon any friction rubbing- Surface, and a second tip contiguous to the first of combustible material but free from oxygen-supplying material and adapted to ig'- nite and burn at a comparativelyY low temporature, substantially, as described.

A friction-match comprising' a combustible stick having at one end thercof a paraffin coating', a tip of detcnablc material having' as a component an oxygen-sum lying' material combined with a combustible material mounted upon said paraffin coating and ignitihle on any friction rubbing-surface, and a second tip contiguous to the first, of cmnbustihle materiai, said latter'tip being free from thcl oxygen-supplying' material and adapted to ignite at a relatively low tcuuwraturc.

4. As an article of manufacture, a match 'comprising' a. splint and a head, the head heing formed of detonabli` material ignitihle on any 'friction rubbing-surfacc, and havingjan igniting-tip of highly-comi)usihlc but nondctonable material.

5. As an article of nnuulfacturc. a match comprising' a splint part and a head. said head being formed of detonahle material ignitible on any friction rubbing-surfacc and haring'a part thereof coated with a highl,\-combusti|le but non-dctonablc material.

6. A match comprising',- a splint part and a head, .said head boinc composed of a composition ignitible by friction on any friction rubhing-surface, and an igniting'dip on the head alsoignitible by friction.

7. As an article of manufacture, a match haring' a head composed of a composition ig'- nitihle by friction on any friction rubbing-.surfacc, and an igr1itii1u'-tipon thc h ad in'nilihlc by toss friction than is' required for ig'uitinu the said composition.

in testimony whcrcof l sign this spia-ilimition inthc presence of t\\'o witness-cs.

FRANK l". SOMIICHH, Ju. li/'itncsscsi (l. l?. Somncus, A. simian-zus.

IOO 

